What are Under Eye Dark Circles?

Under Eye Dark Circles (UEDC) refer to the appearance of darkness or shadows beneath the eyes. This may be due to skin discoloration (pigmentation), changes in your facial structure (hollowness, volume loss), blood vessels (visible veins, blood pooling), or shadows created by puffy eyelids or loose skin or fat that cause eye bagsCommon Causes of Dark CirclesHere are some main causes for dark circles, these are most often seen in combination:

Genetics & Ethnicity – inherited pigment, skin thickness, genetic predisposition.
Age-related Changes – loss of collagen and fat, thinning or thickening of skin, tear troughs, fat bags.
Hyperpigmentation – post-inflammatory changes (from rubbing, allergies, eczema), melanin overproduction, sun exposure
Vascular / Circulation – bluish or purplish discoloration due to visible veins, fluid pooling, poor blood flow.
Lifestyle & Systemic Factors – insufficient sleep, dehydration, smoking, alcohol, stress, diet, screen/eye strain, nasal congestion or allergies.

Anatomical Structure & Skin Quality – hollowness (tear trough), under-eye bags (fat protrusion), thin or translucent skin, laxity or loose skin, wrinkles.

WHO is it for?

You may be a good candidate for treatment if:

You are bothered by under-eye darkness or pigmentation that doesn’t improve with lifestyle changes
You have visible hollowness or tear trough shadows
You notice puffiness or fat eye bags under your eyes
Your skin is thinning or is getting loose in the under-eye area
You are in good health, want lasting results, and are willing to commit to proper aftercare

BENEFITS

Helps you look more rested, younger, refreshed.
Can reduce uneven skin tone, discoloration, pigmentation.
Improves facial balance by smoothing hollow or shadowed areas.
Boosts confidence in appearance; better makeup wear or better yet, lesser make up needed

Types

Depending on the underlying cause(s), the treatment options may include:

Topical Agents – creams with hydroquinone, vitamin C, kojic acid, azelaic acid, antioxidants, and skin brighteners to reduce pigmentation.

Chemical Peels – lighten hyperpigmentation and renew the skin surface.

Laser and Light-based Therapies – reduce pigmentation, treat vascular dark circles, tighten skin, resurface skin texture, and diminish visible veins.

Dermal Fillers (Hyaluronic Acid) – restore lost volume in the tear trough, smooth transitions, and reduce shadows caused by hollowness or can be used to camouflage eye bags.

Autologous Fat Grafting (Fat Transfer) – replaces volume more permanently in cases of deeper hollowness.

Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) – improves skin texture, stimulates collagen, and helps with pigmentation and under-eye laxity.

Polynucleotide / Exosomes – strengthen thin under-eye skin, improve elasticity, and encourage regeneration. Better when combined with PRP

Surgery (Blepharoplasty or Fat Pad Removal/Transposition) – corrects significant fat prolapse, puffiness, or skin laxity reduces eye bags

Lifestyle, Home & Preventive Measures – adequate sleep, hydration, sun protection, treating allergies, avoiding rubbing the eyes, and cold compresses to reduce puffiness.

Recovery & Aftercare | Risks & Considerations

Recovery & Aftercare

Mild swelling, bruising, and redness are common; often resolve in a few days to a couple of weeks.
Avoid rubbing eyes; protect from sun; use sunglasses, sunscreen.
Use cold compresses early on.
Follow topical care and prescribed skincare products.
Maintain hydration, good sleep, avoid smoking/alcohol.
Attend follow-ups; some treatments may require repeat sessions or touch-ups.

Risks & Considerations

Temporary bruising, swelling, discomfort.
Allergic reactions to fillers or skin products.
Skin pigmentation can be tougher to treat in some individuals, especially those with darker skin tones, and must be managed carefully.
Lasers and peels can carry risks of burns, scarring, or undesirable pigmentation if not done properly, especially if not performed by trained hands.
Cost, maintenance (some treatments are not permanent).